Sunday, April 28, 2013

NTD's in the news this week (21 Apr - 27 Apr)


The Phuket News - Apr 27, 2013
Dengue increase prompts Phuket PR campaign - Phuket NewsThe Phuket NewsPHUKET: Along with Governor Maitree Intusut, a group of around 50 officials from the Phuket Provincial Public Health Organisation (PPPHO) and 

The Star - Apr 27, 2013
MORE than 140 cases of the Dengue fever have been reported in Mombasa county, according to a report by Kenya Medical Research Institute. Speaking during a breakfast meeting yesterday, Kemfri indicated 58 out of 143 cases reported tested positive.

Ceylon Daily News - Apr 27, 2013
Only 30 dengue patients have been reported in 2013, while the number of dengue cases reported during the corresponding period last year was 10,000. There is a drastic drop in the number of dengue deaths when compared to previous years. The reason ...

Straits Times - Apr 27, 2013
Singapore, in its fight against dengue, has awarded a contract worth up to $10 million to an advertising firm for year-round campaigns against the deadly disease. The contract from the National Environment Agency (NEA) to DDB Worldwide is made up of ...

ABS CBN News - Apr 27, 2013
MANILA, Philippines – The intense heat this summer does not only bring discomfort to people in the country, but it also causes an increase in the number of rabies cases. A spike has been reported in the cases of dog and cat bites this summer season in ...

Ceylon Daily News - Apr 27, 2013
Leprosy detected in Galle. Richmond Wijesekera, Bentota group corr. Ninety three cases of leprosy were reported from the Galle district last year, administration PHI of the Galle district Leprosy Prevention Unit S R Jayaweera said. He said most ...

Sun.Star - Apr 27, 2013
THE Department of Health (DOH 7) calls on local government units to intensify the information campaign on dengue as cases have increased by more than 100 percent compared to last year. The Regional Epidemiological Surveillance Unit (Resu) has ...

BBC News - Apr 26, 2013
The Brazilian government is to try out a new test to help diagnose the early stages of leprosy. There are still over 200,000 new cases of the disease reported worldwide each year. It is caused by bacteria and can be easily treated with antibiotics. If ...

The Express Tribune - Apr 26, 2013
LAHORE: Schools located in Samanabad that do not follow the preventive measures prescribed by the provincial government for curbing dengue were warned of strict action on Thursday. Samanabad Town Emergency Response Committee on Dengue ...

BBC News - Apr 26, 2013
Leprosy, or Hansen's disease, is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium leprae. India has the highest number of infections, followed by Brazil. Leprosy is difficult to contract and it is not known exactly how it is transmitted - although prolonged close ...

Huffington Post - Apr 26, 2013
Some refugees require treatment for hepatitis A infections, others for skin lesions due to leishmaniasis, it said. Both diseases have broken out in Syria, whose health system and drug industry have collapsed due to the conflict between Syrian ...

The Global Dispatch - Apr 26, 2013
According to a report today by the Latin American Information Agency, the Head of the Health Ministry Chagas Program, Max Enríquez said at least one million Bolivians are infected with the parasitic infection, Chagas disease and another four million ...

VOA Tiếng Việt - Apr 26, 2013
Từ khoa học là helminth, do gốc tiếng Hy lạp cũng có nghĩa là "con sâu", để chỉ những con sán lãi (Ascaris lumbricoides), sán móc (Hookworm,Ancylostoma duodenale, Necator americanus) và sán tóc (Trichuris trichiura; [trich]= tóc; “whipworm” =có nghĩa ...

Business Recorder (blog) - Apr 26, 2013
Secretary Livestock Irfan Elahi has directed Emergency Response Committee Aziz Bhatti Town that in view of changing weather conditions the drive against dengue virus should be accelerated in the town and measures should be taken for immediate ...

Sky News - Apr 26, 2013
According to official estimates, there are about 3,000 snake bite cases in Australia every year, with 300 to 500 requiring anti-venom treatment. Only an average of two a year prove fatal. Australia is home to 20 of the world's 25 most venomous snakes.

Radio Australia - Apr 26, 2013
The World Health Organization warned earlier this year that dengue has the potential to reach global epidemic levels, with climate change and increased travel contributing to steady growth in the number of cases annually around the world. It says there ...

UQ News - Apr 26, 2013
Intestinal worms such as roundworm, whipworm, and hookworm are a major issue in rural Chinese communities and can lead to malnutrition and stunted growth and cognitive development in children. Worldwide, 2 billion people are infected with parasitic ...

NewsChannel 9 WSYR - Apr 26, 2013
"They say you're only one airplane flight away from an epidemic, so with 40 percent of the world population in a dengue endemic area, it could easily be introduced into parts of the United States,” explained Dr. Mark Polehmus, Center for Global Health.

YNN - Apr 26, 2013
SUNY Upstate Medical University's Center for Global Health and Translational Science sponsored the forum on Dengue Fever. The mosquito-borne virus' symptoms include fever and severe muscle, bone and joint pain. It's located mostly in the tropics, but has been seen in Florida, Texas and Arizona.

The Express Tribune - Apr 26, 2013
LAHORE: Schools located in Samanabad that do not follow the preventive measures prescribed by the provincial government for curbing dengue were warned of strict action on Thursday. Samanabad Town Emergency Response Committee on Dengue ...

Noticia al Dia - Apr 26, 2013
Actualmente, un laboratorio privado cobra, por hacer un diagnóstico de tripanosomiasis americana o de leishmaniasis, al menos 200 bolívares. En cambio, un estuche de producción endógena —que sirve para evaluar a unas 90 personas— cuesta ...

Wall Street Journal- India - Apr 26, 2013
So far this year, Singapore's health ministry has recorded more denguecases than the 4,632 reported in the whole of 2012. Though there have been no deaths, weekly counts rose to 510 cases in the week that ended April 20, a new peak for 2013 and the ...

Prensa Latina - Apr 25, 2013
La Paz, Apr 25 (Prensa Latina) At least one million Bolivians are infected with the Chagas disease and another four million live in risk areas, according to Head of the Health Ministry Chagas Program, Max Enríquez.

Fort Mills Times - Apr 25, 2013
Global Markets Direct's, 'Leishmaniasis (Kala-Azar) - Pipeline Review, H1 2013', provides an overview of the indication's therapeutic pipeline. This report provides information on the therapeutic development forLeishmaniasis (Kala-Azar), complete with ...

ITNews - Apr 25, 2013
The Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) and Veredus Laboratories, a leading supplier of innovative molecular diagnostic tools, announced the launch of VereTrop(TM), the first biochip in the molecular diagnostics market that can identify 13 different major tropical diseases from a single blood sample.

Ghana Broadcasting Corporation - Apr 25, 2013
According to him, most of his people contracted guinea worm disease, typhoid fever, cholera, dysentery and some other water borne diseases as a result. Nana Dr Abankro said that the only borehole in the area had also broken down for years adding that ...

The Global Dispatch - Apr 25, 2013
According to the World Health Organization, Chagas disease, also known as American trypanosomiasis, is a potentially life-threatening illness caused by the protozoan parasite, Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi). It is found mainly in Latin America, where it ...

Channel News Asia - Apr 25, 2013
The Tampines Town Council is stepping up efforts to tackle the worsening dengue situation in the area. It is paying more attention to and cleaning up littering hotspots to prevent mosquito breeding sites from forming.

Fort Mills Times - Apr 25, 2013
The majority of deals are discovery or development stage whereby the licensee obtains a right or an option right to license the licensors dengue fever technology. These deals tend to be multicomponent, starting with collaborative R&D, and ...

Solomon Times Online - Apr 25, 2013
Concerning the Dengue fever, I've seen it already in my Family it was happening to one of us! it is a terrible thing the worst and the scary thing is that to sit next to your loved ones and watch them dying!

The Costa Rica StarApr 25, 2013
After doing some light research online and asking locals who use this method, we found that taking Papaya seeds a few times per week in your breakfast smoothie can eliminate the possibility of contracting Dengue fever (obviously there is no way to ...

ABC Online - Apr 25, 2013
Health officials in Townsville in north Queensland are on high alert for more incidents of dengue fever as three more possible cases have been detected.

The Star - Apr 25, 2013
Public Health ministry officers in Jomvu have began an intensive Indoor Residual Spraying of the area after two more cases of Dengue fever were reported yesterday. IRS is in the process of spraying the inside of dwellings with an insecticide to kill ...

El Tribuno.com.ar - Apr 25, 2013
Los que presentan la enfermedad se denominan indeterminados o también crónicos, con o sin patología. El Chagas se manifiesta con síntomas en los órganos, que son atacados por el parásito que transmiten las vinchucas infestadas, el Trypanosoma cru

The New Indian Express - Apr 25, 2013
Residents of Melapalayam blocked road after a 5-year-old boy allegedly died of dengue fever here on Wednesday. Sources said that Mohamed Abdullah (5) son of Mohamed Aliappa, Methamarpalayam at Melapalayam, was suffering from fever for a few ...

CorrientesHoy.com - Apr 25, 2013
La gestión del Intendente Camau Espínola lleva adelante una profunda campaña para evitar la proliferación del mosquito del dengue y el flebótomo de la leishmaniasis. De ese modo, el viernes 26, desde las 7, se realizará un nuevo ordenamiento ambiental ...

Financial Times - Apr 25, 2013
Malaria has boosted funding for bed nets that also tackle lymphatic filariasis (elephantiasis). The latter's community drug workers, however, could be used more to help with bed-net distribution. The product they give out – ivermectin – also kills ...

Financial Times - Apr 25, 2013
While ivermectin's toxicity may be short-lived and its potency in different types of mosquito vary, its impact is spreading with growing “mass drug administration” programmes in Africa to tackle lymphatic filariasis and onchocerciasis

Radio New Zealand International - Apr 25, 2013
Health teams from New Zealand and Australia are providing a much needed boost to help control a dengue outbreak in Solomon Islands.

Business Recorder (blog) - ‎Apr 25, 2013
The country is expected to have fewer dengue cases this year compared to the last two years due to measures taken by the government, health experts told Business Recorder.

PR Web (press release) - Apr 25, 2013
Nearly 800 million people, mostly children, are at risk for schistosomiasis, a widespread parasitic disease found in more than 75 developing countries. Although drug treatment is effective, it does not prevent reinfection. Research is now progressing ...

SciDev.net - Apr 24, 2013
A diagnostic test targeting syphilis and an oral antibiotic could be used together to help eradicate yaws disease, a WHO meeting was told. 

Record - Columbia News - Apr 24, 2013
Three students from her School of Continuing Education class, “Communications for Social Change,” set out to educate male heads of household about leishmaniasis, a parasitic disease transmitted by the bites of infected sand flies that lurk in the home.

Ghana Business News - Apr 24, 2013
According to him, most of his people contracted guinea worm disease, typhoid fever, cholera, dysentery and some other water borne diseases as a result. Nana Dr Abankro said that the only bore hole in the area had also broken down for years adding that ...

The Global Dispatch - ‎Apr 24, 2013
The principal symptoms of dengue fever are high fever that lasts from 2 to 7 days, severe headache, severe pain behind the eyes, joint pain, muscle and bone pain, rash, and mild bleeding.

Scientific American (blog) - Apr 24, 2013
Microbial sources of these diseases can be protozoan (amoebosis), parasitic (schistosomiasis) viral (hepatits A) or bacterial (typhoid, dysentery, cholera). In my quest to learn more about the role of sanitation in disease control, I contacted Scott ...

U-T San Diego - Apr 24, 2013
Girl's snake bite is a reminder of the seasonU-T San DiegoFive-year-old Saniyah Colon was headed out to her community's pool in Spring Valley Sunday when she stepped off the patio deck and saw something on the 

Arab News - ‎Apr 23, 2013
The conference aims to spread information about AIDS, tuberculosis and dengue fever. Ways to combat AIDS, rights of AIDS patients, and how society should deal with those effected by the deadly disease will also be focused.

Solomon Star - ‎Apr 23, 2013‎
Director of the National Medical Lab at the National Referral Hospital has defended revelations that tests conducted locally on dengue suspected cases were not 100 percent accurate. The revelations came almost more than four months after the dengue ...

ABC Online - ‎Apr 23, 2013‎
"Where we have a detected case, it means that the dengue response teams from Queensland Health and Council will be able to be more thorough when they visit the area," he said.

Solomon Star - ‎Apr 23, 2013‎
The chairperson of the Makira dengue task force committee is appealing to the Makira provincial government to support his task force carry out its work in the province and communities.

News-Medical.net - Apr 23, 2013
The project will run for three years and aims to test new treatments for kala-azar (visceral leishmaniasis, or VL) and co-infection of the disease with HIV in Ethiopia and Sudan. The AfricoLeish project, 'Care Package for Treatment and Control of ...

ABC.es - Apr 23, 2013
Médicos valencianos realizarán cincuenta operaciones de cirugía reconstructiva a afectados por la úlcera de Buruli en la República Democrática del Congo, enmarcadas en la campaña "Stop Úlcera deBuruli" puesta en marcha en abril por la asociación ...

Inquirer.net - ‎Apr 23, 2013‎
Quezon City had the highest recorded cases of dengue in the Metro from Jan. 1 to April 13 of this year, with 452 cases, according to data from the Department of Health.

Channel News Asia - Apr 23, 2013
Residents in the affected areas are urged to take preventive actions to protect against dengue. Those diagnosed with dengue are encouraged to use mosquito nets when sleeping and applying insect repellent to break the dengue transmission chain

Phuket Gazette - Apr 23, 2013
“According to Health Office statistics, 323 people contracted dengue fever between January 1 and April 17 this year. The number is more than six times greater than the number of people who contracted dengue during the same period last year,” he said.

Thailand National News Bureau - Apr 23, 2013
According to Director-General of the Disease Control Department Phornthep Siriwanarangsan, the WHO sees dengue fever as the quickest tropical disease that can cause a viral outbreak, with as many as 300 million suffering from it each year; 3 times as ...

The Slate Online - Apr 23, 2013
Hookworms, a soil- transmitted parasite, affect 740 million people worldwide. Long-term physical effects include stunted growth, decreased cognitive development, anemia and chronic fatigue. The easiest way to help prevent the spread of hookworms is ...

Radio Australia - Apr 23, 2013
Solomon Islands Ministry of Health has warned it does not have the financial resources needed to fight an outbreak of dengue fever in the country. The warning comes as the death of a 13-year-old girl from the infectious disease was confirmed, bringing ...

Solomon Star - Apr 23, 2013
$2m request for dengue fight - Solomon Star NewspaperSolomon StarThe ministry of health and medical services is seeking government's approval for a contingency warrant of more than $2million to help combat the dengue outbreak. The deadly virus is active and ongoing but the country's financial resources have dried up ...

Times of India - Apr 23, 2013
Mamata orders anti-dengue drive in stateTimes of IndiaKOLKATA: Chief minister Mamata Banerjee held a high-level meeting on Monday where it was decided that the government will recruit entomologists on contract to combat dengue. She made it clear that she doesn't want a rerun of the dengue epidemic that ...

Publico.es - Apr 22, 2013
Los fondos provenían de aportaciones de socios y colaboradores de Anesvad, ya fuera para operaciones genéricas de la ONG como para proyectos concretos como la leprosería de Culión (Filipinas), Misión China o contra la úlcera de Buruli. Procedían ...

24 - Apr 22, 2013
According to them, treatment of one echinococcosis patient costs in average about $ 500. In 2012, there was spent $ 500,000 only on such treatment. "At least 2,296 people were infected with brucellosis for the last year. Their treatment cost $ 14.3

Afrique - Afrique en Ligue - Apr 22, 2013
Ethiopia: African health ministers meet in Addis Ababa this week - AfriqueAfrique en LigueNeglected tropical diseases that severely debilitate affected communities include: Onchocercliasis (River blindness), 

Voice of America - Apr 22, 2013
SAINT-LOUIS, SENEGAL — Every year, more than 240 million people get a potentially deadly parasitic infection known as schistosomiasis, transmitted by fresh water snails. Infection rates have risen to as high as 80 percent in some parts of Africa ...

ABC Online - Apr 22, 2013
Field trial manager Andrew Turley says he is confident the dengue transmission-inhibiting bacteria they carry will infect 100 per cent of the local mosquito population within weeks.

The Global Dispatch - Apr 22, 2013
The island city-state of Singapore is reporting a significant increase in dengue fever cases this year, in fact, the number of cases reported during the first 3-and-a-half months of 2013 has already exceeded the total case count in 2012, according to a ...

AllAfrica News - Apr 22, 2013
[New Vision]The World Health Organization (WHO) reckons that 10% of any given population will be with disability. In Uganda, the number of Persons with Physical Disabilities (PWPDs) is estimated to be 7.2% of the total population. Disability is an observable deviation from the biological norms of structure or function that directly results from disease, trauma or other health condition.

Voice of America - Apr 22, 2013
Voice of AmericaHealth Experts: Leishmaniasis on the Rise in War-Torn Syria - VOAVoice of AmericaHealth workers in northern Syria have reported a dramatic rise in cases of Leishmaniasis--locally dubbed “Aleppo Button 

Janesville Gazette - Apr 22, 2013
What: Rock County Rabies Clinic. When: 1 to 4 p.m. Saturday, April 27. Where: Rock County Fairgrounds, corner of Randall and Craig avenues, Janesville. Details: All dogs should be on a leash, and cats should be in cat carriers

KOAA.com Colorado Springs and Pueblo News - Apr 22, 2013
We are at the end of cold and flu season, but with warmer temperatures ahead there is a warning to guard against rabies. "There is a seasonality to many diseases and rabies is one of them," said Shannon Rowe with El Paso County Public Health."

New York Times - Apr 22, 2013
Guinea worm disease — formally known as dracunculiasis, or “affliction with little dragons” — is down to fewer than 600 cases worldwide, from 3.5 million in 1986, when 

El Siglo de Torreón - Apr 22, 2013
La enfermedad, endémica de América Latina, es provocada por el parásito Trypanosoma cruzi que es transmitido al organismo por la picadura de la "vinchuca", un insecto presente en casas, granjas, establos y otros locales de labranza, en zonas ...

ABC Online - Apr 22, 2013
High hopes for lower dengue risk in CairnsABC OnlineResearchers in far north Queensland are hoping residents will be at a lower risk of contracting the dengue virus within a few years. 115 people have been diagnosed with 

Manila Bulletin - Apr 22, 2013
Report: 7 dead from Dengue in 1Q of 2013 - Manila BulletinManila BulletinThe summer heat may lead many to become complacent against dengue but the Department of Health – National Capital Region (DOH-NCR) warned against 

AllAfrica News - Apr 21, 2013
[ANGOP]Luena -The Angolan Health minister, José Van-Dúnem, last Friday in Luena, eastern Moxico Province, ruled out the need to create special conditions in hospitals to deal with cases of dengue fever, which has been hitting the country.

Fox News Latino - Apr 21, 2013
The Central American country has registered about 3,000 cases of classic dengue this year, while about 500 people have been hospitalized with possible hemorrhagic dengue, Araujo said. Two people died from hemorrhagic dengue and about 8,000 others ...

Thailand National News Bureau - Apr 21, 2013
Mr. Pradit noted that the spread of the virus still continues in the northeast and the south while admitting that the number of patients across the country could soar to at least 100,000 and 100-120 might die because of dengue fever before the end of ...

AsiaOne - Apr 21.2013
SINGAPORE - The primary dengue-carrying mosquito species which started off in Woodlands and Tampines has been spreading to the rest of Singapore.

InSerbia News - Apr 21, 2013
To get community leaders involved in the fight against dengue, over 460 grassroots leaders, volunteers and Health Promotion Board's ambassadors were at NEA's first mass training session on Saturday to learn about dengueprevention. 

Straits Times - Apr 21, 2013
More than 200 teachers, students, residents and grassroots leaders including MP for Nee Soon GRC Lee Bee Wah, gathered at Nee Soon South to pick up litter on Sunday morning, as part of the Citizens' Consultative Committee's (CCC) ongoing efforts to ...

Business Mirror - Apr 21, 2013
“Even during this very hot season, dengue-carrying mosquitoes are still very much present in our surroundings. That is why we must be vigilant and continuously conduct cleaning activities inside and outside our homes so as not to be victims of dengue,” ...

AngolaPress - Apr 21, 2013
The normal dengue, he went on explaining, is similar to malaria as well, but characterised by pain in the joints, abdomen, muscles, anus, the eye, general feeling of discomfort, fatigue, and in more serious cases there is the haemorrhage syndrome, this ...

Times of India - Apr 21, 2013
"Precautionary measures are being taken in slums, with insecticides sprayed at mosquito-breeding sites. But since the mosquito, aedes aegypti, which spreads dengue, breeds in fresh water, it is imperative for every household to observe one day a week ...


RECENT BLOGS
Edn the Neglect - Apr 26, 2013
 Earlier this month, the journal PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases published some very exciting news – Togo is about to become the first sub-Saharan African country to eliminate lymphatic filariasis (LF), a painful and disabling neglected tropical disease (NTD) also known as elephantiasis. At the Global Network our goal is to help end the seven [...]

End the Neglect - Apr 25, 2013
Just last week, the World Bank released a new video to give people an understanding of who are “the world’s extreme poor.” These are the approximately 1.2 billion individuals who live off a budget of less than $1.25 per day. To break it down even further: 2.5 billion lack access to basic sanitation; 800 [...]

End the Neglect - Apr 24, 2013
By Anupama Tantri 
This month, the Asian Development Bank (ADB) released its annual Asian Development Outlook 2013, which presents an analysis of economic trends and predicts future growth across Asia. This year’s report focuses on the growing demand for energy and strategies to promote sustainable, green growth. The report also calls attention to an issue [...]

Peter Hotez at Public Library of Science - PLoS Medicine - Apr 23, 2013
*PLOS NTDs Editor-in-Chief, Peter Hotez, highlights progress in the elimination of neglected tropical diseases through mass drug administration and other measures.* This month, a landmark paper was published in *PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases*. A group of scientists and public …

Huffington Post (blog) - Apr 22, 2013
At least 2 million people, most of them children, die each year from waterborne diseases such as diarrhea, cholera, dysentery, typhoid,guinea worm and hepatitis as well as vector-borne illnesses such as malaria and West Nile virus. In fact, it is ...


RECENT JOURNAL ARTICLES
Quijano-Hernández IA, Castro-Barcena A, Vázquez-Chagoyán JC, Bolio-González ME, Ortega-López J, Dumonteil E.
Vaccine. 2013 Apr 26;31(18):2246-52. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.03.005. Epub 2013 Mar 13.
PMID: 23499599 [PubMed - in process]

Pichon S, Guinet-Morlot F, Minutello M, Donazzolo Y, Rouzier R, Chassard D, Fitoussi S, Hou V.
Vaccine. 2013 Apr 26;31(18):2295-301. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.02.058. Epub 2013 Mar 16.
PMID: 23510665 [PubMed - in process]

Duncombe J, Clements A, Davis J, Hu W, Weinstein P, Ritchie S.
Trop Med Int Health. 2013 Apr 26. doi: 10.1111/tmi.12115. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 23617766 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Pretzel J, Mohring F, Rahlfs S, Becker K.
Adv Biochem Eng Biotechnol. 2013 Apr 25. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 23615879 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Lambertucci JR, Drummond SC, Voieta I, de Queiróz LC, Pereira PP, Chaves BA, Botelho PP, Prata PH, Otoni A, Vilela JF, Antunes CM.
Clin Infect Dis. 2013 Apr 25. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 23532472 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Maldaner FR, Aragão FJ, Dos Santos FB, Franco OL, da Rocha Queiroz Lima M, de Oliveira Resende R, Vasques RM, Nagata T.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2013 Apr 25. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 23615743 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Mayo E, Ortiz J, Martínez-Carrasco C, Garijo MM, Espeso G, Hervías S, Ruiz de Ybáñez MR.
Vet Res Commun. 2013 Apr 25. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 23616093 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Bieri FA, Gray DJ, Williams GM, Raso G, Li YS, Yuan L, He Y, Li RS, Guo FY, Li SM, McManus DP.
N Engl J Med. 2013 Apr 25;368(17):1603-12. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1204885.
PMID: 23614586 [PubMed - in process]

Matt Lopez at Public Library of Science - PLoS Medicine - Apr 25, 2013
*The following new articles are publishing in PLOS NTDs this week:* Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is the most common cause of adult acquired epilepsy worldwide and one the most frequent parasitic infections associated with chronic morbidity encountered in the United States…

Veronika Seblova et al. at PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases: New Articles - Apr 25, 2013
by Veronika Seblova, Vera Volfova, Vit Dvorak, Katerina Pruzinova, Jan Votypka, Aysheshm Kassahun, Teshome Gebre-Michael, Asrat Hailu, Alon Warburg, Petr Volf Background *Phlebotomus orientalis* Parrot (Diptera: Psychodidae) is the main vector of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) caused by *Leishmania donovani* in East Africa. Here we report on life cycle parameters and susceptibility to *L. donovani* of two *P. orientalis* colonies originating from different sites in Ethiopia: a non-endemic site in the lowlands - Melka Werer (MW), and an endemic focus of human VL in the highlands - Ad... more »

Theodore E. Nash et al. at PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases: New Articles - Apr 25, 2013
by Theodore E. Nash, Siddhartha Mahanty, Hector H. Garcia

Glyn A. Vale et al. at PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases: New Articles - Apr 25, 2013
by Glyn A. Vale, John W. Hargrove, Andrew Chamisa, David R. Hall, Clement Mangwiro, Stephen J. Torr Background Sleeping sickness, or human African trypanosomiasis, is caused by two species of *Trypanosoma brucei* that are transmitted to humans by tsetse flies (*Glossina* spp.) when these insects take a bloodmeal. It is commonly assumed that humans must enter the normal woodland habitat of the flies to become infected, but recent studies found that tsetse frequently attack humans inside buildings. Factors affecting human/tsetse contact in buildings need identification. Methodology... more »

Lauren B. Carrington et al. at PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases: New Articles - Apr 25, 2013
by Lauren B. Carrington, M. Veronica Armijos, Louis Lambrechts, Thomas W. Scott Background Environmental factors such as temperature can alter mosquito vector competence for arboviruses. Results from recent studies indicate that daily fluctuations around an intermediate mean temperature (26°C) reduce vector competence of *Aedes aeygpti* for dengue viruses (DENV). Theoretical predictions suggest that the mean temperature in combination with the magnitude of the diurnal temperature range (DTR) mediate the direction of these effects. Methodology/Principal Findings We tested the ef... more »

Koji Ichiyama et al. at PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases: New Articles - Apr 25, 2013
by Koji Ichiyama, Sindhoora Bhargavi Gopala Reddy, Li Feng Zhang, Wei Xin Chin, Tegshi Muschin, Lars Heinig, Youichi Suzuki, Haraprasad Nanjundappa, Yoshiyuki Yoshinaka, Akihide Ryo, Nobuo Nomura, Eng Eong Ooi, Subhash G. Vasudevan, Takashi Yoshida, Naoki Yamamoto Curdlan sulfate (CRDS), a sulfated 1→3-β-D glucan, previously shown to be a potent HIV entry inhibitor, is characterized in this study as a potent inhibitor of the Dengue virus (DENV). CRDS was identified by *in silico*blind docking studies to exhibit binding potential to the envelope (E) protein of the DENV. CRDS was show... more »

Jane Jemeli Rutto et al. at PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases: New Articles - Apr 25, 2013
by Jane Jemeli Rutto, Odipo Osano, Elias Gitonga Thuranira, Richard Kiptum Kurgat, Victor Agab Omondi Odenyo Background Kenya and Uganda have reported different Human African Trypanosomiasis incidences in the past more than three decades, with the latter recording more cases. This cross-sectional study assessed the demographic characteristics, tsetse and trypanosomiasis control practices, socio-economic and cultural risk factors influencing *Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense* (*T.b.r.*) infection in Teso and Busia Districts, Western Kenya and Tororo and Busia Districts, Southeast Ug... more »

Gabriela Trigo et al. at PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases: New Articles - Apr 25, 2013
by Gabriela Trigo, Teresa G. Martins, Alexandra G. Fraga, Adhemar Longatto-Filho, António G. Castro, Joana Azeredo, Jorge Pedrosa Background Buruli Ulcer (BU) is a neglected, necrotizing skin disease caused by *Mycobacterium ulcerans*. Currently, there is no vaccine against *M. ulcerans* infection. Although the World Health Organization recommends a combination of rifampicin and streptomycin for the treatment of BU, clinical management of advanced stages is still based on the surgical resection of infected skin. The use of bacteriophages for the control of bacterial infections has... more »

Vinícius Silva Belo et al. at PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases: New Articles - Apr 25, 2013
by Vinícius Silva Belo, Guilherme Loureiro Werneck, David Soeiro Barbosa, Taynãna César Simões, Bruno Warlley Leandro Nascimento, Eduardo Sérgio da Silva, Claudio José Struchiner Background Still today, more than 30 years after the beginning of the process of visceral leishmaniasis' urbanization, there is little knowledge about the risk factors for its occurrence, despite their relevance to the control and understanding of disease dynamics. The present study is the first systematic review with meta-analysis about factors associated with *Leishmania infantum* infection in humans i... more »

Philippe Gillet et al. at PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases: New Articles - Apr 25, 2013
by Philippe Gillet, Dieudonné Mumba Ngoyi, Albert Lukuka, Viktor Kande, Benjamin Atua, Johan van Griensven, Jean-Jacques Muyembe, Jan Jacobs, Veerle Lejon Background In endemic settings, diagnosis of malaria increasingly relies on the use of rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs). False positivity of such RDTs is poorly documented, although it is especially relevant in those infections that resemble malaria, such as human African trypanosomiasis (HAT). We therefore examined specificity of malaria RDT products among patients infected with *Trypanosoma brucei gambiense*. Methodology/Princip...more »

Desta Ayode et al. at PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases: New Articles - Apr 25, 2013
by Desta Ayode, Colleen M. McBride, Hendrik D. de Heer, Emi Watanabe, Tsega Gebreyesus, Abebayehu Tora, Getnet Tadele, Gail Davey Background The role of footwear in protection against a range of Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) is gaining increasing attention. Better understanding of the behaviors that influence use of footwear will lead to improved ability to measure shoe use and will be important for those implementing footwear programs. Methodology/Principal Findings Using the PRECEDE-PROCEED model we assessed social, behavioral, environmental, educational and ecological ne... more »

Hugo C. Turner et al. at PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases: New Articles - Apr 25, 2013
by Hugo C. Turner, Thomas S. Churcher, Martin Walker, Mike Y. Osei-Atweneboana, Roger K. Prichard, María-Gloria Basáñez Background Recent studies in Mali, Nigeria, and Senegal have indicated that annual (or biannual) ivermectin distribution may lead to local elimination of human onchocerciasis in certain African foci. Modelling-based projections have been used to estimate the required duration of ivermectin distribution to reach elimination. A crucial assumption has been that microfilarial production by *Onchocerca volvulus* is reduced irreversibly by 30–35% with each (annual) iv... more »

Jenny Campos-Salinas et al. at PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases: New Articles - Apr 25, 2013
by Jenny Campos-Salinas, David León-Guerrero, Elena González-Rey, Mario Delgado, Santiago Castanys, José M. Pérez-Victoria, Francisco Gamarro Leishmaniasis is a neglected disease produced by the intracellular protozoan parasite *Leishmania*. In the present study, we show that LABCG2, a new ATP-binding cassette half-transporter (ABCG subfamily) from * Leishmania*, is involved in parasite virulence. Down-regulation of LABCG2 function upon expression of an inactive mutant version of this half-transporter (LABCG2K/M) is shown to reduce the translocation of short-chain analogues of phosp... more »

Agersew Alemu, Abebe Alemu, Nuraini Esmael, Yared Dessie, Kedir Hamdu, Biniam Mathewos and Wubet Birhan
BMC Public Health 2013, 13:382 doi:10.1186/1471-2458-13-382
Published: Apr 24, 2013

Han H, Peng J, Hong Y, Zhang M, Han Y, Fu Z, Shi Y, Xu J, Tao J, Lin J.
Parasit Vectors. 2013 Apr 24;6:120. doi: 10.1186/1756-3305-6-120.

PMID: 23617945 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] Free PMC Article

Chua AJ, Vituret C, Tan ML, Gonzalez G, Boulanger P, Ng ML, Hong SS.
Virol J. 2013 Apr 24;10(1):129. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 23617954 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Puerta-Guardo H, Sandino AR, González-Mariscal L, Rosales VH, Ayala-Dávila J, Chávez-Mungía B, Martínez-Fong D, Medina F, Ludert JE, Del Angel RM.
J Virol. 2013 Apr 24. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 23616663 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

de Wispelaere M, Lacroix AJ, Yang PL.
J Virol. 2013 Apr 24. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 23616652 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Boonnak K, Slike BM, Donofrio GC, Marovich MA.
J Immunol. 2013 Apr 24. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 23616574 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Christofferson RC, McCracken MK, Johnson AM, Chisenhall DM, Mores CN.
Virol J. 2013 Apr 23;10(1):127. [Epub ahead of print]
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Ettari R, Tamborini L, Angelo IC, Micale N, Pinto A, De Micheli C, Conti P.
J Med Chem. 2013 Apr 23. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 23611656 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Bertocchi GL, Vigliano CA, Lococo BG, Petti MA, Viotti RJ.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2013 Apr 23. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 23612468 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Ohnishi K, Sakamoto N, Kobayashi KI, Iwabuchi S, Nakamura-Uchiyama F.
Int J Infect Dis. 2013 Apr 22. doi:pii: S1201-9712(13)00121-5. 10.1016/j.ijid.2013.02.028. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 23618773 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Yap G, Li C, Mutalib A, Lai YL, Ng LC.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2013 Apr 22. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 23610157 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Zeller H, Marrama L, Sudre B, Van Bortel W, Warns-Petit E.
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Falconar AK, Romero-Vivas CM.
Virol J. 2013 Apr 22;10(1):126. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 23607292 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Suryadevara NC, Neela VS, Devalraju KP, Jain S, Sivasai KS, Valluri VL, Jonnalagada S, Mpjs A.
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PMID: 23619473 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Manne J
The Lancet Infectious Diseases, Volume 13, Issue 5, Page 400, May 2013 doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(13)70122-1
Published: Apr 22, 2013

Suryadevara NC, Neela VS, Devalraju KP, Jain S, Sivasai KS, Valluri VL, Jonnalagada S, Mpjs A.
Hum Immunol. 2013 Apr 22. doi:pii: S0198-8859(13)00095-5. 10.1016/j.humimm.2013.04.009. [Epub ahead of print]
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Masatani T, Ito N, Ito Y, Nakagawa K, Abe M, Yamaoka S, Okadera K, Sugiyama M.
Microbiol Immunol. 2013 Apr 22. doi: 10.1111/1348-0421.12058. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 23607781 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Hennigan CE, Myers L, Ferris MJ.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2013 Apr;79(8):2648-56. doi: 10.1128/AEM.03543-12. Epub 2013 Feb 8.
PMID: 23396345 [PubMed - in process]

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Liang P, Zhang F, Chen W, Hu X, Huang Y, Li S, Ren M, He L, Li R, Li X, Xu J, Wu Z, Lu G, Yu X.
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Acta Trop. 2013 Apr;126(1):54-62. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2013.01.005. Epub 2013 Jan 18.
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Jamnongkan W, Techasen A, Thanan R, Duenngai K, Sithithaworn P, Mairiang E, Loilome W, Namwat N, Pairojkul C, Yongvanit P.
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“In the middle of difficulty lies opportunity” 
- Albert Einstein


Wednesday, April 24, 2013

Buruli Ulcer - Part II (Disease Distribution)


Where is it found
Mycobacterium ulcerans or Buruli ulcer infections have been reported in over 30 countries including Africa, the Americas, the Eastern Mediterranean, Southeast Asia, and the Western Pacific, with most cases occurring in rural communities in sub-Saharan Africa. 

Typically these infections are found in communities that are close to rivers, swamps and wetlands and in areas where the water is slow-flowing or stagnant.   Areas that have undergone or are undergoing deforestation, construction of dams and irrigation systems, sand mining, surface mining of minerals, and agriculture have also been noted to have higher incidences or exacerbations of the disease.

It is very likely that this disease occurs more frequently and in more countries than reported due to under-reporting.   This is due to various factors that may include:
  • Lack of knowledge about the disease by both healthcare providers and community members.  In some rural and isolated communities, Buruli ulcer infections are not thought of as a disease but as black magic, a spell or a curse.  These socio-cultural beliefs and practices strongly influence the health-seeking behaviours of the community who tend to rely on traditional treatments with the local healers.  In most cases, the delay of care leads to extensive disease and therefore a strong possibility of lifelong disability.
  • Lack of access to medical attention or health care center.  Many infections occur in remote, rural areas where travel to a local hospital or clinic could take a full day or more.  There is also the financial expense, both in terms of income lost due to medical treatment and income not obtained due to the time commitment needed to care for the infected individual.  
  • Fear of social isolation and stigma due to disfigurement from surgery, scarring and possible amputations.
  • Variability in the clinical presentation of the disease which may lead to misdiagnosis and wrong treatment as one may think it is a different tropical skin diseases or ulcer.
  • In many countries, Buruli ulcer is not a reportable disease, unlike Dengue, Ebola, Malaria or Cholera.

Countries impacted by disease:
The Americas
Brazil, French Guiana, Mexico, Peru, Suriname

Africa and the Eastern Mediterranean
Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Malawi, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Togo and Uganda

South-East Asia and Western Pacific
Australia, China, Indonesia, Japan, Kiribati, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Sri Lanka

* There have been a few reported cases in the United Stated but these were determined to have been acquired in an endemic country and later diagnosed in the US.




How many people are infected
There are 5000–6000 cases reported annually.

Côte d’Ivoire, in West Africa, is the most affected country reporting over 2500 cases per year. 

* Again, it should be noted that these numbers are from countries that are reporting cases.  The total number of cases and countries affected may actually be far greater.


Who is affected
All races appear to be affected equally.

There is no difference in the rates of infection among males and females.

Children between the ages 5 - 15 years appear to be most at risk, however, any age group may be affected.   That said, nearly half of people affected in Africa are children under 15.

Per the World Health Organization (WHO), the majority of those infected in Africa are children compared to Australia and Japan where most are adults (Table I). 

The sex distribution in Africa and Australia is the same, however, more females appear to be affected in Japan (Table II). 

In general, most lesions occur on exposed parts of the body, particularly the arms and legs (Table III). The lesions are more frequent on the lower limbs in Africa and Australia compared to Japan.

Table I. Age distribution in years

<15 years
Mean
Median
Range
Africa
48%
24
15
0.5–90
Australia
10%
50
62
1–96
Japan
19%
41
48
2–81

Table II. Sex distribution

Males
Females
Africa
52%
48%
Australia
55%
45%
Japan
34%
66%

Table III. Location of lesions

Upper limb
Lower limb
Other parts of the body
Africa
25%
63%
11%
Australia
31%
64%
5%
Japan
50%
38%
13%
* Above information and table obtained from http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs199/en/


Additional information and articles regarding endemic countries:


Videos:
1. Buruli ulcer: from a difficult past to a hopeful future: http://youtu.be/W0Gu3kNE_9c
2. Buruli ulcer - Togo - Handicap International: http://youtu.be/mDVN8m5d3LU



References:
1. World Health Organization - Media Centre - Factsheet: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs199/en/
2. World Health Organization - Buruli ulcer: http://www.who.int/buruli/en/
3. Medscape References - Buruli ulcer: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1104891-overview
6. What Role Do Traditional Beliefs Play in Treatment Seeking and Delay for Buruli Ulcer Disease?–Insights from a Mixed Methods Study in Cameroon: http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0036954

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